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An autonomous oblast (Russian: автономная область, romanized: avtonómnaya óblastʹ) is a type of federal subject of the Russian Federation. At least theoretically, an autonomous oblast has greater autonomy than other oblasts, but not as much as a republic.

From 1977 to 1991, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic had five autonomous oblasts: Adygea, Gorno-Altai, Karachay-Cherkessia, Khakassia, and the Jewish Autonomous Oblast.^[1] The first four were elevated to republics on 3 July 1991, during the dissolution of the Soviet Union, leaving only the Jewish Autonomous Oblast in independent Russia.

• Autonomous oblasts of the Soviet Union
• Federal subjects of Russia
• Oblasts of Russia
• Republics of Russia
• Krais of Russia
• Federal cities of Russia
• Jewish Autonomous Oblast