* main: (463 commits)
  pythongh-140601: Add ResourceWarning to iterparse when not closed (pythonGH-140603)
  pythongh-137969: Fix double evaluation of `ForwardRef`s which rely on globals (python#140974)
  pythongh-139109: A new tracing JIT compiler frontend for CPython (pythonGH-140310)
  pythongh-141004: Document `PyErr_RangedSyntaxLocationObject` (python#141521)
  pythongh-140873: Add support of non-descriptor callables in functools.singledispatchmethod() (pythonGH-140884)
  pythongh-139653: Add PyUnstable_ThreadState_SetStackProtection() (python#139668)
  pythongh-141004: Document `PyCode_Optimize` (pythonGH-141378)
  pythongh-141004: Document C APIs for dictionary keys, values, and items (pythonGH-141009)
  pythongh-137959: Fix `TIER1_TO_TIER2` macro name in JIT InternalDocs (pythonGH-141496)
  pythongh-139871: Add `bytearray.take_bytes([n])` to efficiently extract `bytes` (pythonGH-140128)
  pythongh-140601: Refactor ElementTree.iterparse() tests (pythonGH-141499)
  pythongh-135801: Add the module parameter to compile() etc (pythonGH-139652)
  pythongh-140260: fix data race in `_struct` module initialization with subinterpreters (python#140909)
  pythongh-137109: refactor warning about threads when forking (python#141438)
  pythongh-141004: Document `PyRun_InteractiveOneObject` (pythonGH-141405)
  pythongh-124111: Fix TCL 9 thread detection (pythonGH-128103)
  pythongh-141442: Add escaping to iOS testbed arguments (python#141443)
  pythongh-140936: Fix JIT assertion crash at finalization if some generator is alive (pythonGH-140969)
  Add details about JIT build infrastructure and updating dependencies to `Tools/jit` (python#141167)
  pythongh-141412: Use reliable target URL for urllib example (pythonGH-141428)
  ...

* 'main' of github.com:python/cpython: (464 commits)
  pythongh-140601: Add ResourceWarning to iterparse when not closed (pythonGH-140603)
  pythongh-137969: Fix double evaluation of `ForwardRef`s which rely on globals (python#140974)
  pythongh-139109: A new tracing JIT compiler frontend for CPython (pythonGH-140310)
  pythongh-141004: Document `PyErr_RangedSyntaxLocationObject` (python#141521)
  pythongh-140873: Add support of non-descriptor callables in functools.singledispatchmethod() (pythonGH-140884)
  pythongh-139653: Add PyUnstable_ThreadState_SetStackProtection() (python#139668)
  pythongh-141004: Document `PyCode_Optimize` (pythonGH-141378)
  pythongh-141004: Document C APIs for dictionary keys, values, and items (pythonGH-141009)
  pythongh-137959: Fix `TIER1_TO_TIER2` macro name in JIT InternalDocs (pythonGH-141496)
  pythongh-139871: Add `bytearray.take_bytes([n])` to efficiently extract `bytes` (pythonGH-140128)
  pythongh-140601: Refactor ElementTree.iterparse() tests (pythonGH-141499)
  pythongh-135801: Add the module parameter to compile() etc (pythonGH-139652)
  pythongh-140260: fix data race in `_struct` module initialization with subinterpreters (python#140909)
  pythongh-137109: refactor warning about threads when forking (python#141438)
  pythongh-141004: Document `PyRun_InteractiveOneObject` (pythonGH-141405)
  pythongh-124111: Fix TCL 9 thread detection (pythonGH-128103)
  pythongh-141442: Add escaping to iOS testbed arguments (python#141443)
  pythongh-140936: Fix JIT assertion crash at finalization if some generator is alive (pythonGH-140969)
  Add details about JIT build infrastructure and updating dependencies to `Tools/jit` (python#141167)
  pythongh-141412: Use reliable target URL for urllib example (pythonGH-141428)
  ...

* 'main' of github.com:python/cpython: (464 commits)
  pythongh-140601: Add ResourceWarning to iterparse when not closed (pythonGH-140603)
  pythongh-137969: Fix double evaluation of `ForwardRef`s which rely on globals (python#140974)
  pythongh-139109: A new tracing JIT compiler frontend for CPython (pythonGH-140310)
  pythongh-141004: Document `PyErr_RangedSyntaxLocationObject` (python#141521)
  pythongh-140873: Add support of non-descriptor callables in functools.singledispatchmethod() (pythonGH-140884)
  pythongh-139653: Add PyUnstable_ThreadState_SetStackProtection() (python#139668)
  pythongh-141004: Document `PyCode_Optimize` (pythonGH-141378)
  pythongh-141004: Document C APIs for dictionary keys, values, and items (pythonGH-141009)
  pythongh-137959: Fix `TIER1_TO_TIER2` macro name in JIT InternalDocs (pythonGH-141496)
  pythongh-139871: Add `bytearray.take_bytes([n])` to efficiently extract `bytes` (pythonGH-140128)
  pythongh-140601: Refactor ElementTree.iterparse() tests (pythonGH-141499)
  pythongh-135801: Add the module parameter to compile() etc (pythonGH-139652)
  pythongh-140260: fix data race in `_struct` module initialization with subinterpreters (python#140909)
  pythongh-137109: refactor warning about threads when forking (python#141438)
  pythongh-141004: Document `PyRun_InteractiveOneObject` (pythonGH-141405)
  pythongh-124111: Fix TCL 9 thread detection (pythonGH-128103)
  pythongh-141442: Add escaping to iOS testbed arguments (python#141443)
  pythongh-140936: Fix JIT assertion crash at finalization if some generator is alive (pythonGH-140969)
  Add details about JIT build infrastructure and updating dependencies to `Tools/jit` (python#141167)
  pythongh-141412: Use reliable target URL for urllib example (pythonGH-141428)
  ...

…141438)

* pythongh-137109: refactor warning about threads when forking

This splits the OS API specific functionality to get the number of threads out
from the fallback Python method and warning raising code itself.  This way the
OS APIs can be queried before we've run
`os.register_at_fork(after_in_parent=...)` registered functions which
themselves may (re)start threads that would otherwise be detected.

This is best effort.  If the OS APIs are either unavailable or fail, the
warning generating code still falls back to looking at the Python threading
state after the CPython interpreter world has been restarted and the
after_in_parent calls have been made.  The common case for most Linux and macOS
environments should work today.

This also lines up with the existing TODO refactoring, we may choose to expose
this API to get the number of OS threads in the `os` module in the future.

* NEWS entry

* avoid "function-prototype" compiler warning?

…ythonGH-141438)

This splits the OS API specific functionality to get the number of threads out
from the fallback Python method and warning raising code itself.  This way the
OS APIs can be queried before we've run
`os.register_at_fork(after_in_parent=...)` registered functions which
themselves may (re)start threads that would otherwise be detected.

This is best effort.  If the OS APIs are either unavailable or fail, the
warning generating code still falls back to looking at the Python threading
state after the CPython interpreter world has been restarted and the
after_in_parent calls have been made.  The common case for most Linux and macOS
environments should work today.

This also lines up with the existing TODO refactoring, we may choose to expose
this API to get the number of OS threads in the `os` module in the future.

Note: This is a simplified backport that maintains the void return type
for warn_about_fork_with_threads() and keeps PyErr_Clear() in the warning path,
as the error handling changes from fd8f42d are not needed in 3.14.

…ythonGH-141438)

This splits the OS API specific functionality to get the number of threads out
from the fallback Python method and warning raising code itself.  This way the
OS APIs can be queried before we've run
`os.register_at_fork(after_in_parent=...)` registered functions which
themselves may (re)start threads that would otherwise be detected.

This is best effort.  If the OS APIs are either unavailable or fail, the
warning generating code still falls back to looking at the Python threading
state after the CPython interpreter world has been restarted and the
after_in_parent calls have been made.  The common case for most Linux and macOS
environments should work today.

This also lines up with the existing TODO refactoring, we may choose to expose
this API to get the number of OS threads in the `os` module in the future.

Note: This is a simplified backport that maintains the void return type
for warn_about_fork_with_threads() and keeps PyErr_Clear() in the warning path,
as the error handling changes from fd8f42d are not needed in 3.14.

) (GH-141614)

This splits the OS API specific functionality to get the number of threads out
from the fallback Python method and warning raising code itself.  This way the
OS APIs can be queried before we've run
`os.register_at_fork(after_in_parent=...)` registered functions which
themselves may (re)start threads that would otherwise be detected.

This is best effort.  If the OS APIs are either unavailable or fail, the
warning generating code still falls back to looking at the Python threading
state after the CPython interpreter world has been restarted and the
after_in_parent calls have been made.  The common case for most Linux and macOS
environments should work today.

This also lines up with the existing TODO refactoring, we may choose to expose
this API to get the number of OS threads in the `os` module in the future.

Note: This is a simplified backport that maintains the void return type
for warn_about_fork_with_threads() and keeps PyErr_Clear() in the warning path,
as the error handling changes from fd8f42d are not needed in 3.14.

…ythonGH-141438) (pythonGH-141614)

This splits the OS API specific functionality to get the number of threads out
from the fallback Python method and warning raising code itself.  This way the
OS APIs can be queried before we've run
`os.register_at_fork(after_in_parent=...)` registered functions which
themselves may (re)start threads that would otherwise be detected.

This is best effort.  If the OS APIs are either unavailable or fail, the
warning generating code still falls back to looking at the Python threading
state after the CPython interpreter world has been restarted and the
after_in_parent calls have been made.  The common case for most Linux and macOS
environments should work today.

This also lines up with the existing TODO refactoring, we may choose to expose
this API to get the number of OS threads in the `os` module in the future.

Note: This is a simplified backport that maintains the void return type
for warn_about_fork_with_threads() and keeps PyErr_Clear() in the warning path,
as the error handling changes from fd8f42d are not needed in 3.14.
(cherry picked from commit 0d8fb0b)

Co-authored-by: Gregory P. Smith <68491+gpshead@users.noreply.github.com>

) (GH-141614) (GH-141639)

[3.14] gh-137109: refactor warning about threads when forking (GH-141438) (GH-141614)

This splits the OS API specific functionality to get the number of threads out
from the fallback Python method and warning raising code itself.  This way the
OS APIs can be queried before we've run
`os.register_at_fork(after_in_parent=...)` registered functions which
themselves may (re)start threads that would otherwise be detected.

This is best effort.  If the OS APIs are either unavailable or fail, the
warning generating code still falls back to looking at the Python threading
state after the CPython interpreter world has been restarted and the
after_in_parent calls have been made.  The common case for most Linux and macOS
environments should work today.

This also lines up with the existing TODO refactoring, we may choose to expose
this API to get the number of OS threads in the `os` module in the future.

Note: This is a simplified backport that maintains the void return type
for warn_about_fork_with_threads() and keeps PyErr_Clear() in the warning path,
as the error handling changes from fd8f42d are not needed in 3.14.
(cherry picked from commit 0d8fb0b)

Co-authored-by: Gregory P. Smith <68491+gpshead@users.noreply.github.com>

…141438)

* pythongh-137109: refactor warning about threads when forking

This splits the OS API specific functionality to get the number of threads out
from the fallback Python method and warning raising code itself.  This way the
OS APIs can be queried before we've run
`os.register_at_fork(after_in_parent=...)` registered functions which
themselves may (re)start threads that would otherwise be detected.

This is best effort.  If the OS APIs are either unavailable or fail, the
warning generating code still falls back to looking at the Python threading
state after the CPython interpreter world has been restarted and the
after_in_parent calls have been made.  The common case for most Linux and macOS
environments should work today.

This also lines up with the existing TODO refactoring, we may choose to expose
this API to get the number of OS threads in the `os` module in the future.

* NEWS entry

* avoid "function-prototype" compiler warning?