Background: Capsular contracture after breast augmentation or reconstructive breast surgery is a difficult problem. Previous studies have suggested that alteration of the inflammatory response could have a role in reducing the incidence of capsular contracture.

Objective: We report a series of patients with Baker class III or IV capsular contracture who underwent treatment with zafirlukast.

Methods: Patients received a regimen of zafirlukast 20 mg by mouth 2 times daily for 3 months.

Results: In many cases, dramatic softening of the breast capsule was evident after 1 to 3 months of treatment.

Conclusions: Zafirlukast appears to effectively soften early capsular contracture and may prevent the formation of capsular contracture in those patients at risk. (Aesthetic Surg J 2002;22:329-336.).