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str_split

(PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

str_split — Convert a string to an array

Description

function str_split(string $string, int $length = 1): array

Converts a string to an array.

Parameters

string: The input string.
length: Maximum length of the chunk.

Return Values

If the optional length parameter is specified, the returned array will be broken down into chunks with each being length in length, except the final chunk which may be shorter if the string does not divide evenly. The default length is 1, meaning every chunk will be one byte in size.

Errors/Exceptions

If length is less than 1, a ValueError will be thrown.

Changelog

Version	Description
8.2.0	If `string` is empty an empty array is now returned. Previously an array containing a single empty string was returned.
8.0.0	If `length` is less than `1`, a ValueError will be thrown now; previously, an error of level `E_WARNING` has been raised instead, and the function returned `false`.

Examples

Example #1 Example uses of str_split()

<?php

$str = "Hello Friend";

$arr1 = str_split($str);
$arr2 = str_split($str, 3);

print_r($arr1);
print_r($arr2);

?>

The above example will output:

Array
(
    [0] => H
    [1] => e
    [2] => l
    [3] => l
    [4] => o
    [5] =>
    [6] => F
    [7] => r
    [8] => i
    [9] => e
    [10] => n
    [11] => d
)

Array
(
    [0] => Hel
    [1] => lo
    [2] => Fri
    [3] => end
)

Notes

Note:
str_split() will split into bytes, rather than characters when dealing with a multi-byte encoded string. mb_str_split() can be used to split the string into code points. grapheme_str_split() can be used to split the string into grapheme clusters.

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User Contributed Notes 1 note

down

Julian ¶

3 years ago

The function str_split() is not 'aware' of words. Here is an adaptation of str_split() that is 'word-aware'.

<?php

$array =  str_split_word_aware(
    'In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth. And the earth was without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face of the deep.', 
    32
);

var_dump($array);

/**
  * This function is similar to str_split() but this function keeps words intact; it never splits through a word. 
  *
  * @return array<int, string>
  */
function str_split_word_aware(string $string, int $maxLengthOfLine): array
{
    if ($maxLengthOfLine <= 0) {
        throw new RuntimeException(sprintf('The function %s() must have a max length of line at least greater than one', __FUNCTION__));
    }
    
    $lines = [];
    $words = explode(' ', $string);

    $currentLine = '';
    $lineAccumulator = '';
    foreach ($words as $currentWord) {

        $currentWordWithSpace = sprintf('%s ', $currentWord);
        $lineAccumulator .= $currentWordWithSpace;
        if (strlen($lineAccumulator) < $maxLengthOfLine) {
            $currentLine = $lineAccumulator;
            continue;
        }

        $lines[] = $currentLine;

        // Overwrite the current line and accumulator with the current word
        $currentLine = $currentWordWithSpace;
        $lineAccumulator = $currentWordWithSpace;
    }

    if ($currentLine !== '') {
        $lines[] = $currentLine;
    }

    return $lines;
}

?>

OUTPUT: 

<?php

array(5) {
  [0]=> string(29) "In the beginning God created "
  [1]=> string(30) "the heaven and the earth. And "
  [2]=> string(28) "the earth was without form, "
  [3]=> string(27) "and void; and darkness was "
  [4]=> string(27) "upon the face of the deep. "
}

?>