Since this patch was introduced to the 3.x branch my Windows 7 and 10 buildbots have been failing in test_urlopener_retrieve_file. See https://buildbot.python.org/all/#/builders/3/builds/2661 for the first such failure on the Win10 worker.
The problem appears to be related to those workers having an explicit TEMP folder that happens to use a lowercase drive letter, causing the test assertion to fail due to differing case in the drive letter.
While I could work around this by changing my builder TEMP definition, the test seems fragile on case-insensitive filesystems, so perhaps it should be comparing a normalized path instead?