sys.thread_info = sys.thread_info(name='pthread', lock='semaphore', version='NPTL 2.31') on my system. Looking at the source I think the semaphore implementation will be used on all modern Linux systems.
In my tests it works as expected on a Macintosh (3.8.5 with lock='mutex+cond') and also if I force a Linux build to use the mutex+cond implementation by defining HAVE_BROKEN_POSIX_SEMAPHORES.
Doesn't look like those glibc and Linux bug reports will get any attention anytime soon. I will find a workaround instead :-/