bpo-26680: Incorporate is_integer in all built-in and standard library numeric types by rob-smallshire · Pull Request #6121 · python/cpython

* origin/master: (147 commits)
  Fix the attribute names in the docstring of GenericAlias (pythonGH-22594)
  bpo-39337: Add a test case for normalizing of codec names (pythonGH-19069)
  bpo-41557: Update Windows installer to use SQLite 3.33.0 (pythonGH-21960)
  bpo-41976: Fix the fallback to gcc of ctypes.util.find_library when using gcc>9 (pythonGH-22598)
  bpo-41306: Allow scale value to not be rounded (pythonGH-21715)
  bpo-41970: Avoid test failure in test_lib2to3 if the module is already imported (pythonGH-22595)
  bpo-41376: Fix the documentation of `site.getusersitepackages()` (pythonGH-21602)
  Revert "bpo-26680: Incorporate is_integer in all built-in and standard library numeric types (pythonGH-6121)" (pythonGH-22584)
  bpo-41923: PEP 613: Add TypeAlias to typing module (python#22532)
  Fix comment about PyObject_IsTrue. (pythonGH-22343)
  bpo-38605: Make 'from __future__ import annotations' the default (pythonGH-20434)
  bpo-41905: Add abc.update_abstractmethods() (pythonGH-22485)
  bpo-41944: No longer call eval() on content received via HTTP in the UnicodeNames tests (pythonGH-22575)
  bpo-41944: No longer call eval() on content received via HTTP in the CJK codec tests (pythonGH-22566)
  Post 3.10.0a1
  Python 3.10.0a1
  bpo-41584: clarify when the reflected method of a binary arithemtic operator is called (python#22505)
  bpo-41939: Fix test_site.test_license_exists_at_url() (python#22559)
  bpo-41774: Tweak new programming FAQ entry (pythonGH-22562)
  bpo-41936. Remove macros Py_ALLOW_RECURSION/Py_END_ALLOW_RECURSION (pythonGH-22552)
  ...

…y numeric types (pythonGH-6121)

* bpo-26680: Adds support for int.is_integer() for compatibility with float.is_integer().

The int.is_integer() method always returns True.

* bpo-26680: Adds a test to ensure that False.is_integer() and True.is_integer() are always True.

* bpo-26680: Adds Real.is_integer() with a trivial implementation using conversion to int.

This default implementation is intended to reduce the workload for subclass
implementers. It is not robust in the presence of infinities or NaNs and
may have suboptimal performance for other types.

* bpo-26680: Adds Rational.is_integer which returns True if the denominator is one.

This implementation assumes the Rational is represented in it's
lowest form, as required by the class docstring.

* bpo-26680: Adds Integral.is_integer which always returns True.

* bpo-26680: Adds tests for Fraction.is_integer called as an instance method.

The tests for the Rational abstract base class use an unbound
method to sidestep the inability to directly instantiate Rational.
These tests check that everything works correct as an instance method.

* bpo-26680: Updates documentation for Real.is_integer and built-ins int and float.

The call x.is_integer() is now listed in the table of operations
which apply to all numeric types except complex, with a reference
to the full documentation for Real.is_integer().  Mention of
is_integer() has been removed from the section 'Additional Methods
on Float'.

The documentation for Real.is_integer() describes its purpose, and
mentions that it should be overridden for performance reasons, or
to handle special values like NaN.

* bpo-26680: Adds Decimal.is_integer to the Python and C implementations.

The C implementation of Decimal already implements and uses
mpd_isinteger internally, we just expose the existing function to
Python.

The Python implementation uses internal conversion to integer
using to_integral_value().

In both cases, the corresponding context methods are also
implemented.

Tests and documentation are included.

* bpo-26680: Updates the ACKS file.

* bpo-26680: NEWS entries for int, the numeric ABCs and Decimal.

Co-authored-by: Robert Smallshire <rob@sixty-north.com>