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std::find, std::find_if, std::find_if_not - cppreference.com

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Definido no cabeçalho

<algorithm>

template< class InputIt, class T > InputIt find( InputIt first, InputIt last, const T& value );

(1)

template< class InputIt, class UnaryPredicate > InputIt find_if( InputIt first, InputIt last, UnaryPredicate p );

(2)

template< class InputIt, class UnaryPredicate > InputIt find_if_not( InputIt first, InputIt last, UnaryPredicate q );

(3) (desde C++11)

Estas funções encontraam o primeiro elemento no intervalo [first, last) que satisfaz critérios específicos:

Original:

These functions find the first element in the range [first, last) that satisfies specific criteria:

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1. find procura por um elemento igual a value

Original:

1. find searches for an element equal to value

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2. find_if procura um elemento para o qual predicado p retornos true

Original:

2. find_if searches for an element for which predicate p returns true

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3. find_if_not pesquisas de elemento para o qual predicado q retornos false

Original:

3. find_if_not searches for element for which predicate q returns false

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Parâmetros

first, last -

a gama de elementos para examinar

Original:

the range of elements to examine

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value -

valor a comparar os elementos de

Original:

value to compare the elements to

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p - unary predicate which returns ​true

para o elemento desejado

Original:

for the required element

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.

The signature of the predicate function should be equivalent to the following:

bool pred(const Type &a);

The signature does not need to have const &, but the function must not modify the objects passed to it.
The type Type must be such that an object of type InputIt can be dereferenced and then implicitly converted to Type. ​

q - unary predicate which returns ​false

para o elemento desejado

Original:

for the required element

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.

The signature of the predicate function should be equivalent to the following:

bool pred(const Type &a);

The signature does not need to have const &, but the function must not modify the objects passed to it.
The type Type must be such that an object of type InputIt can be dereferenced and then implicitly converted to Type. ​

Type requirements
-InputIt must meet the requirements of InputIterator.

Valor de retorno

Iterador para o primeiro elemento que satisfaça a condição ou last se nenhum elemento for encontrado.

Original:

Iterator to the first element satisfying the condition or last if no such element is found.

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Complexidade

No máximo last - first aplicações do predicado

Original:

At most last - first applications of the predicate

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Possível implementação

First version
template<class InputIt, class T>
InputIt find(InputIt first, InputIt last, const T& value)
{
    for (; first != last; ++first) {
        if (*first == value) {
            return first;
        }
    }
    return last;
}
Second version
template<class InputIt, class UnaryPredicate>
InputIt find_if(InputIt first, InputIt last, UnaryPredicate p)
{
    for (; first != last; ++first) {
        if (p(*first)) {
            return first;
        }
    }
    return last;
}
Third version
template<class InputIt, class UnaryPredicate>
InputIt find_if_not(InputIt first, InputIt last, UnaryPredicate q)
{
    for (; first != last; ++first) {
        if (!q(*first)) {
            return first;
        }
    }
    return last;
}

Se você não tem C + 11, equivalente a std::find_if_not é usar std::find_if com o predicado negado.

Original:

If you do not have C++11, an equivalent to std::find_if_not is to use std::find_if with the negated predicate.

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template<class InputIt, class UnaryPredicate>
InputIt find_if_not(InputIt first, InputIt last, UnaryPredicate q)
{
    return std::find_if(first, last, std::not1(q));
}

Exemplo

O exemplo a seguir localiza um número inteiro em um vetor de inteiros .

Original:

The following example finds an integer in a vector of integers.

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#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>

int main()
{
    int n1 = 3;
    int n2 = 5;
 
    std::vector<int> v{0, 1, 2, 3, 4};
 
    auto result1 = std::find(v.begin(), v.end(), n1);
    auto result2 = std::find(v.begin(), v.end(), n2);
 
    if (result1 != v.end()) {
        std::cout << "v contains: " << n1 << '\n';
    } else {
        std::cout << "v does not contain: " << n1 << '\n';
    }

    if (result2 != v.end()) {
        std::cout << "v contains: " << n2 << '\n';
    } else {
        std::cout << "v does not contain: " << n2 << '\n';
    }
}

Saída:

v contains: 3
v does not contain: 5

Veja também

encontra dois idênticos (ou algum outro relacionamento) itens adjacentes uns aos outros

Original:

finds two identical (or some other relationship) items adjacent to each other

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(modelo de função) [edit]

encontra a última sequência de elementos em um determinado intervalo

Original:

finds the last sequence of elements in a certain range

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(modelo de função) [edit]
searches for any one of a set of elements
(modelo de função) [edit]

encontra a primeira posição em que dois intervalos diferentes

Original:

finds the first position where two ranges differ

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(modelo de função) [edit]
searches for a range of elements
(modelo de função) [edit]