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std::ranges::max_element - cppreference.com

来自cppreference.com

在标头 <algorithm> 定义

调用签名

template< std::forward_iterator I, std::sentinel_for<I> S, class Proj = std::identity,
          std::indirect_strict_weak_order<std::projected<I, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less >
constexpr I
    max_element( I first, S last, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {} );
(1) (C++20 起)
template< ranges::forward_range R, class Proj = std::identity,
          std::indirect_strict_weak_order<
              std::projected<ranges::iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less >
constexpr ranges::borrowed_iterator_t<R>
    max_element( R&& r, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {} );
(2) (C++20 起)

1) 寻找范围 [firstlast) 中的最大元素。

2)(1),但以 r 为源范围,如同以 ranges::begin(r)first 并以 ranges::end(r)last

此页面上描述的函数式实体是算法函数对象(非正式地称为 niebloid),即:

参数

first, last - 要检验的元素范围的迭代器-哨位对
r - 待检验 range
comp - 应用到投影后元素的比较
proj - 应用到元素的投影

返回值

指向范围 [firstlast) 中最大元素的迭代器。若范围中数个元素等价于最大元素,则返回指向首个这种元素的迭代器。若范围为空(即 first == last)则返回比较等于 last 的迭代器。

复杂度

准确 max(N-1,0) 次比较,其中 N = ranges::distance(first, last)

可能的实现

struct max_element_fn
{
    template<std::forward_iterator I, std::sentinel_for<I> S, class Proj = std::identity,
             std::indirect_strict_weak_order<std::projected<I, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
    constexpr I operator()(I first, S last, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {}) const
    {
        if (first == last)
            return last;

        auto largest = first;
        while (++first != last)
            if (std::invoke(comp, std::invoke(proj, *largest), std::invoke(proj, *first)))
                largest = first;
        return largest;
    }
  
    template<ranges::forward_range R, class Proj = std::identity,
             std::indirect_strict_weak_order<
                 std::projected<ranges::iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
    constexpr ranges::borrowed_iterator_t<R>
        operator()(R&& r, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {}) const
    {
        return (*this)(ranges::begin(r), ranges::end(r), std::ref(comp), std::ref(proj));
    }
};

inline constexpr max_element_fn max_element;

示例

#include <algorithm>
#include <cmath>
#include <iostream>

int main()
{
    namespace ranges = std::ranges;

    const auto v = {3, 1, -14, 1, 5, 9, -14, 9};

    auto result = ranges::max_element(v.begin(), v.end());
    std::cout << "最大的元素位于 " << ranges::distance(v.begin(), result) << '\n';

    auto abs_compare = [](int a, int b) { return std::abs(a) < std::abs(b); };
    result = ranges::max_element(v, abs_compare);
    std::cout << "绝对值最大的元素位于 "
              << ranges::distance(v.begin(), result) << '\n';
}

输出:

参阅