◐ Shell
clean mode source ↗

std::ranges::uninitialized_copy, std::ranges::uninitialized_copy_result - cppreference.com

来自cppreference.com

在标头 <memory> 定义

调用签名

template< std::input_iterator I, std::sentinel_for<I> S1,
          /*nothrow-forward-iterator*/ O, /*nothrow-sentinel-for*/<O> S2 >
    requires std::constructible_from<std::iter_value_t<O>,
                                     std::iter_reference_t<I>>
uninitialized_copy_result<I, O>
    uninitialized_copy( I ifirst, S1 ilast, O ofirst, S2 olast );
(1) (C++20 起)
(C++26 起为 constexpr)
template< ranges::input_range IR, /*nothrow-forward-range*/ OR >
    requires std::constructible_from<ranges::range_value_t<OR>,
                                     ranges::range_reference_t<IR>>
uninitialized_copy_result<ranges::borrowed_iterator_t<IR>,
                          ranges::borrowed_iterator_t<OR>>
    uninitialized_copy( IR&& in_range, OR&& out_range );
(2) (C++20 起)
(C++26 起为 constexpr)
template< /*execution-policy*/ Ep,
          std::random_access_iterator I, std::sized_sentinel_for<I> S1,
          /*nothrow-random-access-iterator*/ O,
          /*nothrow-sized-sentinel-for*/<O> S2 >
    requires std::constructible_from<std::iter_value_t<O>,
                                     std::iter_reference_t<I>>
uninitialized_copy_result<I, O>
    uninitialized_copy( Ep&& policy, I ifirst, S1 ilast, O ofirst, S2 olast );
(3) (C++26 起)
template< /*execution-policy*/ Ep, /*sized-random-access-range*/ IR,
          /*nothrow-sized-random-access-range*/ OR >
    requires std::constructible_from<ranges::range_value_t<OR>,
                                     ranges::range_reference_t<IR>>
uninitialized_copy_result<ranges::borrowed_iterator_t<IR>,
                          ranges::borrowed_iterator_t<OR>>
    uninitialized_copy( Ep&& policy, IR&& in_range, OR&& out_range );
(4) (C++26 起)

辅助类型

template< class I, class O >
using uninitialized_copy_result = ranges::in_out_result<I, O>;
(5) (C++20 起)

/*execution-policy*/ 的定义见此页/*sized-random-access-range*/ 的定义见此页;其他仅用于阐述的概念的定义见此页

1) 如同用以下方式以源范围 [ifirstilast) 中的元素构造目标范围 [ofirstolast) 中的元素:

for (; ifirst != ilast && ofirst != olast; ++ofirst, (void)++ifirst)
    ::new (voidify(*ofirst)) std::remove_reference_t<std::iter_reference_t<O>>(*ifirst);
return {std::move(ifirst), ofirst};

如果初始化中抛出了异常,那么以未指定的顺序销毁已构造的对象。

如果 [ofirstolast)[ifirstilast) 有重叠,那么行为未定义。

2)(1),但分别以 in_rangeout_range 作为源范围和目标范围。

3,4)(1,2),但按照 policy 执行。

此页面上描述的函数式实体是算法函数对象(非正式地称为 niebloid),即:

参数

ifirst, ilast - 要复制的源元素范围的迭代器-哨位对
in_range - 要复制的元素 range
ofirst, olast - 目标元素范围的迭代器-哨位对
out_range - 目标 range
policy - 所用的执行策略

返回值

如上所述。

异常

构造目标范围中的元素时抛出的任何异常。

注解

如果输出范围的值类型是平凡类型 (TrivialType) ,那么实现可能提升 ranges::uninitialized_copy 的效率。

功能特性测试 标准 功能特性
__cpp_lib_parallel_algorithm 202506L (C++26) 并行范围算法
__cpp_lib_raw_memory_algorithms 202411L (C++26) constexpr<memory> 专门算法, (1,2)

可能的实现

struct uninitialized_copy_fn
{
    template<std::input_iterator I, std::sentinel_for<I> S1,
             /*nothrow-forward-iterator*/ O, /*nothrow-sentinel-for*/<O> S2>
        requires std::constructible_from<std::iter_value_t<O>, std::iter_reference_t<I>>
    constexpr ranges::uninitialized_copy_result<I, O>
        operator()(I ifirst, S1 ilast, O ofirst, S2 olast) const
    {
        O current{ofirst};
        try
        {
            for (; !(ifirst == ilast or current == olast); ++ifirst, ++current)
                ranges::construct_at(std::addressof(*current), *ifirst);
            return {std::move(ifirst), std::move(current)};
        }
        catch (...) // 回滚:销毁已构造的元素
        {
            for (; ofirst != current; ++ofirst)
                ranges::destroy_at(std::addressof(*ofirst));
            throw;
        }
    }
    
    template<ranges::input_range IR, /*nothrow-forward-range*/ OR>
        requires std::constructible_from<ranges::range_value_t<OR>,
                                         ranges::range_reference_t<IR>>
    constexpr ranges::uninitialized_copy_result<ranges::borrowed_iterator_t<IR>,
                                                ranges::borrowed_iterator_t<OR>>
        operator()(IR&& in_range, OR&& out_range) const
    {
        return (*this)(ranges::begin(in_range), ranges::end(in_range),
                       ranges::begin(out_range),
                       ranges::next(ranges::begin(out_range), ranges::end(out_range)));
    }
    
    template<ranges::forward_range IR, /*nothrow-forward-range*/ OR>
        requires std::constructible_from<ranges::range_value_t<OR>,
                                         ranges::range_reference_t<IR>>
    constexpr ranges::uninitialized_copy_result<ranges::borrowed_iterator_t<IR>,
                                                ranges::borrowed_iterator_t<OR>>
        operator()(IR&& in_range, OR&& out_range) const
    {
        return (*this)(ranges::begin(in_range),
                       ranges::next(ranges::begin(in_range), ranges::end(in_range)),
                       ranges::begin(out_range),
                       ranges::next(ranges::begin(out_range), ranges::end(out_range)));
    }
};

inline constexpr uninitialized_copy_fn uninitialized_copy{};

示例

#include <cstdlib>
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <memory>
#include <string>

int main()
{
    const char* v[]{"This", "is", "an", "example"};
    
    if (const auto sz{std::size(v)};
        void* pbuf = std::aligned_alloc(alignof(std::string), sizeof(std::string) * sz))
    {
        try
        {
            auto first{static_cast<std::string*>(pbuf)};
            auto last{first + sz};
            std::ranges::uninitialized_copy(std::begin(v), std::end(v), first, last);
            
            std::cout << "{";
            for (auto it{first}; it != last; ++it)
                std::cout << (it == first ? "" : ", ") << std::quoted(*it);
            std::cout << "};\n";
            
            std::ranges::destroy(first, last);
        }
        catch (...)
        {
            std::cout << "uninitialized_copy 异常\n";
        }
        std::free(pbuf);
    }
}

输出:

{"This", "is", "an", "example"};

参阅