std::regex_replace - cppreference.com
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template< class OutputIt, class BidirIt, class Traits, class CharT, class STraits, class SAlloc > OutputIt regex_replace( OutputIt out, BidirIt first, BidirIt last, const std::basic_regex<CharT, Traits>& re, const std::basic_string<CharT, STraits, SAlloc>& fmt, std::regex_constants::match_flag_type flags = std::regex_constants::match_default ); |
(1) | (C++11 起) |
template< class OutputIt, class BidirIt, class Traits, class CharT > OutputIt regex_replace( OutputIt out, BidirIt first, BidirIt last, const std::basic_regex<CharT, Traits>& re, const CharT* fmt, std::regex_constants::match_flag_type flags = std::regex_constants::match_default ); |
(2) | (C++11 起) |
template< class Traits, class CharT, class STraits, class SAlloc, class FTraits, class FAlloc > std::basic_string<CharT, STraits, SAlloc> regex_replace( const std::basic_string<CharT, STraits, SAlloc>& str, const std::basic_regex<CharT, Traits>& re, const std::basic_string<CharT, FTraits, FAlloc>& fmt, std::regex_constants::match_flag_type flags = std::regex_constants::match_default ); |
(3) | (C++11 起) |
template< class Traits, class CharT, class STraits, class SAlloc > std::basic_string<CharT, STraits, SAlloc> regex_replace( const std::basic_string<CharT, STraits, SAlloc>& str, const std::basic_regex<CharT, Traits>& re, const CharT* fmt, std::regex_constants::match_flag_type flags = std::regex_constants::match_default ); |
(4) | (C++11 起) |
template< class Traits, class CharT, class STraits, class SAlloc > std::basic_string<CharT> regex_replace( const CharT* s, const std::basic_regex<CharT, Traits>& re, const std::basic_string<CharT, STraits, SAlloc>& fmt, std::regex_constants::match_flag_type flags = std::regex_constants::match_default ); |
(5) | (C++11 起) |
template< class Traits, class CharT > std::basic_string<CharT> regex_replace( const CharT* s, const std::basic_regex<CharT, Traits>& re, const CharT* fmt, std::regex_constants::match_flag_type flags = std::regex_constants::match_default ); |
(6) | (C++11 起) |
regex_replace 用正则表达式 re 进行目标字符序列的替换:
1,2) 复制范围 [first, last) 中的字符到 out,以 fmt 所格式化的字符替换任何匹配 re 的序列。等价于:
using iter_type = std::regex_iterator<BidirIt, CharT, Traits>; iter_type seq_begin(first, last, re, flags), seq_end; using result_type = std::match_results<BidirIt>; result_type m; bool need_to_copy = (flags & std::regex_constants::format_no_copy) == 0; bool format_all = (flags & std::regex_constants::format_first_only) != 0; for (iter_type i = seq_begin; i != seq.end(); ++i) { m = *i; if (need_to_copy) out = std::copy(m.prefix().first, m.prefix().second, out); if (format_all || i == seq_begin) out = /* 替换表达式 */ } if (need_to_copy) out = m.ready() ? std::copy(m.suffix().first, m.suffix().second, out) : std::copy(first, last, out); return out;
1) 表达式 /* 替换表达式 */ 是 m.format(out, fmt, flags)。
2) 表达式 /* 替换表达式 */ 是 m.format(out, fmt, fmt + std::char_traits<CharT>::length(fmt), flags)。
3,4) 等价于 std::basic_string<CharT, STraits, SAlloc> result;regex_replace(std::back_inserter(result),str.begin(), str.end(), re, fmt, flags);return result;。
5,6) 等价于 std::basic_string<CharT, STraits, SAlloc> result;regex_replace(std::back_inserter(result),s, s + std::char_traits<CharT>::length(s), re, fmt, flags);return result;。
参数
| first, last | - | 目标字符范围 |
| str | - | 目标 std::basic_string |
| s | - | 目标 C 风格字符串 |
| re | - | 正则表达式 |
| fmt | - | 正则表达式替换格式字符串,确切的语法取决于 flags 的值
|
| flags | - | 用于确定将如何进行匹配的标志 |
| out | - | 存储替换结果的输出迭代器 |
返回值
如上所述。
异常
可能抛出指示错误条件的 std::regex_error。
示例
#include <iostream> #include <iterator> #include <regex> #include <string> int main() { std::string text = "Quick brown fox"; std::regex vowel_re("a|e|i|o|u"); // 写结果到输出迭代器 std::regex_replace(std::ostreambuf_iterator<char>(std::cout), text.begin(), text.end(), vowel_re, "*"); // 构造保有结果的字符串 std::cout << '\n' << std::regex_replace(text, vowel_re, "[$&]") << '\n'; }
输出:
Q**ck br*wn f*x Q[u][i]ck br[o]wn f[o]x
缺陷报告
下列更改行为的缺陷报告追溯地应用于以前出版的 C++ 标准。
| 缺陷报告 | 应用于 | 出版时的行为 | 正确行为 |
|---|---|---|---|
| LWG 2213 | C++11 | 替换操作不会更新 out
|
会更新 out
|